Lending Guidelines

2011 FHA Maximum Loan Limits – Why You Need to Know

Every year around this time, lenders receive confirmation of the coming year’s Fannie Mae and FHA maximum loan limits. Prior to the real estate bubble it was always a forgone conclusion that the Fannie Mae and FHA maximum loan limits would increase as this was a natural function of increasing home prices.

In the past several years however there has been a fear that the Fannie Mae and FHA maximum loan limits would be decreased as home prices have plunged and stagnated throughout country and even right here in Northwest Indiana.

Surprisingly, both 2011 Fannie Mae and FHA maximum loan limits remained unchanged from 2010. More attention historically speaking would have been given to the Fannie Mae maximum loan limits.

In 2011 much of the talk will be about FHA insured home loans as the home loan pendulum has swung from conventional loans to FHA loans. To illustrate this fact here is a look at the latest trends.

“FHA loans were the most common type of loan, with 43 percent of buyers choosing this option… More than half of first-time buyers (56 percent) chose FHA loans…”

*Profile of Home Buyers and Sellers 2010 – National Association of Realtors

If FHA loans are becoming such a large piece of real estate finance options, you might want to know how it could affect you as a home buyer, a homeowner who wants to refinance or as a homeowner who desires to sell their home.

Understanding how much the FHA maximum loan limit is not as simple as you might think unfortunately. There is not just one FHA maximum loan limit. Besides the maximum loan limit variance between a single family home and a four-family home, property location is the most important criteria.

FHA maximum loan limits are geographically based and whether or not that region is declared as a standard FHA Forward area, a low cost area (floor), a high cost area (ceiling) or a special exception area (i.e. Alaska, Hawaii, Guam and Virgin Islands). Different FHA maximum loan limits also apply to Home Equity Conversion Mortgages (aka. reverse mortgage) and the HOPE for Homeowners program.

Not only do FHA maximum loan limits vary by region, but more importantly they will vary by county. For instance, the FHA maximum loan limit for a single family home in Porter County Indiana is $410,000. Meanwhile in the adjacent county of La Porte County Indiana the FHA maximum loan limit for the same home is only $271,050.

If you are in the process of buying a home, selling a home or refinancing your home in Northwest Indiana, please contact us to learn how the 2011 FHA maximum loan limits could impact your next real estate decision.

Confused About Your Home Appraisal – Know the Guidelines

The home appraisal process often baffles home buyers and homeowners alike. You may feel that your home is worth a higher dollar amount, and so the appraised home value may not always make sense to you.

First, it is important to know that the home appraiser is completely independent from mortgage lenders, home buyers, home sellers, homeowners, and real estate agents.

Second, the guidelines to which they adhere are dictated by the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice (USPAP) and Fannie Mae. In most states, mortgage lenders must also disclose the purpose of the home appraisal, as each mortgage transaction carries its own set of rules.

These important appraisal guidelines help home appraisers put a fair market value on homes based on comparable home sales in the same area, for instance the community of White Oak Estates located in Highland Indiana and/or Munster Indiana.

The home must also be bracketed in size and value. For example, there is no set dollar figure associated with a great view, pool, spa, bathroom upgrades, etc. If a homeowner installs a custom pool that cost them $30,000, but the local marketplace supports the value of a pool at $15,000, then that item will be bracketed as [$15,000] on the appraisal.

Upgrades can usually be expressed at a higher percentage of their value in newer homes because the only way to obtain those upgrades was to put more money into the cost of building the home.

On the other hand, the upgrading or remodeling of an older home is rarely reflected in full in the final appraisal. This is because typically 25-40% of the project involves demolition and the fixing of issues that aren’t uncovered until the project has already begun, such as plumbing or wiring that may need updating.

The value of the home upgrades must ultimately be supported by comparable home sales within the same marketplace such as home sales in Plum Creek in Schererville Indiana. These comparisons must be drawn from current real estate market activity within the last three to six months.

These guidelines further state that appraisers can only base their opinion on the value of home sales that have actually closed. This is a safeguard to prevent home appraisers from attaching too high a value to the home in question, and opening up the home appraisal for review.

Understanding and following the appropriate appraisal guidelines can help to create an easier and much smoother home loan transaction for you whether you are a home buyer or a homeowner.

Still confused about your home appraisal? Contact me for free review and explanation of your home appraisal.

New FHA Mortgage Insurance Premiums Start October 4th

For the second time this year, the FHA is modifying their guidelines on mortgage insurance premiums.

Beginning with FHA case numbers issued on or after October 4, 2010, the FHA is changing its upfront and annual mortgage insurance premium structure.

Under the new terms, assuming a 30-year fixed rate FHA mortgage with at least 5 percent equity:

• Upfront MIP drops to 1.000% of the amount borrowed from 2.250%
• Annual MIP increases to 0.850% of the amount borrowed from 0.500%

For homeowners in Valparaiso Indiana and everywhere else, this switch in MIP decreases the upfront cost of an FHA-insured mortgage, but increases the loan’s long-term costs.

Using a $100,000 mortgage as an example, upfront MIP falls to $1,000 from $2,250; monthly MIP jumps to $70.83 from $41.67. The FHA expects the change will yield an additional $300 million in premiums monthly.

The update is a huge win for the FHA whose reserve funds are self-proclaimed to be “perilously low”.  The extra monies should help recapitalize and stabilize the government group.

The FHA is on pace to back 1.7 million loans this year.

For the majority of refinancing FHA homeowners and home buyers in Valparaiso Indiana, the MIP change is neither good nor bad — the borrowing landscape will just looks a bit different.  Yes, FHA home loans will cost more to carry each month, but also they’ll be less expensive to procure. It’s a trade-off and you can apply math formulas to solve for the best time to apply FHA. 

It may be wise to get your FHA case number before October 4, for example, depending on your time frame in the home and the expected life of the mortgage. Or, it may be better to wait until after October 4 to apply.

If you’re unsure of how the new FHA mortgage premiums will impact your application for an FHA insured mortgage, be sure to call or email me for help.

NOTE : The FHA originally announced an implementation date of September 7, 2010. It was subsequently amended to October 4, 2010.

Why Is Your Mortgage Approval Contingent On Form 4506-T

If you are in need of a mortgage, there is one document that could stop you in your tracks. It is IRS Form 4506-T.

What exactly is Form 4506-T?

Form 4506-T, aka. Request for Transcript of Tax Return, allows lending institutions to validate your income by confirming with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) that you are a lawful tax payer.

For decades, prospective home buyers in Portage Indiana only had to provide their pay stubs, W-2′s and tax returns as proof of their income. Today the aforementioned documentation is just the minimum.

Uncle Sam due to his large role in residential financing (i.e. Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and FHA) now wants to make sure that you have paid and will continue to pay your taxes.

So what’s the problem you ask?

The problem arises from the very safeguard that Congress mandated. Banks are required and forced to use Form 4506-T in order to validate every one’s income.

The form itself has not changed much over the years. How it is completed to the satisfactory nature of the IRS has though. They even go so far as to put the following disclaimer at the top of the form:

“Request may be rejected if the form is incomplete or illegible.”

Requests for transcripts are rejected by the IRS on a daily basis. The most common errors are illegible handwriting and non-compliant signature dates. A simple typographical error could cause a rejection and the IRS is not required to tell you the source of the rejection.

Most consumers and real estate professionals are not aware of the significance of Form 4506-T as it was used sparingly for loan audits in years past. Now that every loan requires it to be executed, the IRS themselves have become a bottle neck.

Even if you have electronically filed and made an electronic payment of outstanding taxes, the IRS may not be able to validate your tax returns.

How could that be?

Unfortunately, the processing side doesn’t know what the validation side is doing. The two systems are not fully integrated. This is how your mortgage approval and home loan transaction could be delayed.

Can’t Get The Lowest Mortgage Rate? Blame Fannie Mae

Conforming mortgage rates may be posting all-time lows this week, but that doesn’t mean you’ll be eligible for them. You may have already called your mortgage loan officer and found this out the hard way.

It’s because of a federally-mandated mortgage-pricing scheme known as “loan-level pricing adjustments”.

In effect since April 2009, loan-level pricing adjustments are changes to a loan’s base rate and/or fee structure based on that loan’s inherent risk to Wall Street. It’s similar to auto insurance pricing adjustment in that a sports car, all things equal, will cost more to insure than a comparably-priced minivan.

More risk, more cost.

In mortgage lending, loan risk can be loosely grouped into 5 categories. Mortgage applications in Valparaiso Indiana featuring any of the five traits are subject to price adjustments:

1. Credit Score (i.e. the borrower’s FICO is below 740)
2. Property Type (i.e. the subject property is a multi-unit home)
3. Occupancy (i.e. the subject property is an investment home)
4. Structure (i.e. there is a subordinate/junior lien on title)
5. Equity (i.e. mortgage insurance is required by the lender)

Furthermore, loan-level pricing adjustments are cumulative.

A 3-unit investment home will face larger adjustments than an owner-occupied 3-unit home, for example. It’s these adjustments that explain why you may not be eligible for the rates you see advertised online and in the newspapers — your particular loan may be subject to this risk-based pricing that raises your mortgage rate and closing costs.

The government’s loan-level pricing adjustment schedule is public information. See what your lender and how your loan quote is made at the Fannie Mae website. Or, if you find the charts confusing, just call or email your mortgage loan officer for help with interpretation.

Fannie Mae Interest Only Mortgage Guidelines Set to Change

If you plan to buy or refinance your home in Crown Point Indiana with a conforming interest only mortgage, get your loan application submitted no later than this Friday, June 18th. 

Starting next week, Fannie Mae is clamping down on the popular loan product.

An “interest only” mortgage is exactly what its name implies — a mortgage for which the monthly payments consist entirely of interest with no principal reduction. Because there’s no amortization, payments are less costly on a month-to-month basis.

For example, assuming principal + interest payments at 5 percent, a $250,000 mortgage carries a monthly payment of $1,342.  The payment on a comparable interest only mortgage, however, drops to $1,042.

That’s a payment difference of $300 and the size of the cost savings, not surprisingly, is the biggest reason why Fannie Mae is making its changes.

In its official announcement, Fannie Mae says it wants to give the interest only option to “borrowers who are in a position to choose it as a financial management tool” rather than allowing homeowners use it as an affordability tool for their budgets.

Going forward, there are new minimum standards for interest only home loans.

• Applicants must have a 720 credit score or better
• Applicants must have at least 24 months of reserves
• The property type may not be a 2-unit, 3-unit or 4-unit
• The property must be a primary residence, or vacation home

Furthermore, only purchase and rate-and-term refinances are eligible.  Cash out refinances are prohibited.

Interest only home loans aren’t for everyone, but if you plan to finance with a Fannie Mae mortgage and interest only is your preference, get your loan application submitted as soon as possible. Starting Monday, approvals will be tougher to come by.

FHA Monthly MIP Approved To Triple In Cost to Borrowers

Starting sometime later this year, the monthly cost to carry an FHA-insured mortgage is expected to rise.

In a near-unanimous vote, the House of Representatives gave the FHA power to raise the monthly mortgage insurance premiums it charges to its borrowers.

Currently, monthly mortgage insurance premiums are 0.55% of the unpaid loan balance, divided by 12.  The recently approved Federal Housing Administration Reform Act provides for an increase in monthly premium of up to 1.55 percent, among other details of the bill.

Despite the ability to charge 1.55 percent, FHA officials say an increase to 0.90 percent would be sufficient to self-insure its loans.

In everyday terms, assuming a $200,000 mortgage, the math to a homeowner looks as follows:

• Current Premium (0.55%) : $91.67 monthly mortgage insurance premium
• Expected Increase (0.90%) : $150.00 monthly mortgage insurance premium
• Maximum Increase (1.55%) : $258.33 monthly mortgage insurance premium

An increase in monthly mortgage insurance premiums will reduce home affordability for buyers in Chesterton Indiana and strain household budgets. 

The news isn’t all terrible, however.

Because higher monthly insurance premiums are expected to pad the FHA coffers sufficiently, the FHA has said it plans to reduce its upfront mortgage insurance premium paid at closing from 2.25 percent down to 1.000 percent. 

On the same $200,000 mortgage, a move like that would reduces closing costs by $2,500.

The bill awaits companion legislation in Senate and final approval into law, but considering the House’s lopsided vote Thursday, it could happen rather quickly.  If you’re planning to buy or refinance a home using an FHA mortgage, you may find that waiting to take the next step could be a costly one, long-term.

The FHA insured close to a quarter of all mortgages made in the first three months of 2010.

Borrowers Beware – Fannie Mae Tightens the Vice Again!

A new loan quality initiative from Fannie Mae is making it harder for Portage Indiana home buyers and refinancing homeowners everywhere to close on a mortgage.

Beginning June 1, 2010, with all new applications, Fannie Mae wants lenders to verify that borrowers have not taken on new debt during the underwriting phase of the mortgage. 

If new debts are found, the mortgage is subject to a re-underwrite and a possible turndown.

For Fannie Mae, the goal is to reduce the number of loans that go bad because of new, non-disclosed debt. Lenders have the freedom to verify in whatever manner they wish, but in most cases, the verification process will amount to a credit re-pull made just prior to closing.

The underwriters will be looking for 3 things in particular — even after your loan is approved.

First, your updated credit report will show your current credit card bills and minimum monthly payments.  Those numbers will replace your original numbers made at the time of application.  If the debts exceed a certain threshold, your loan will be denied.

Second, underwriters will be looking at your updated credit score. If your FICO has dropped below minimum lending standards, your loan will be denied. Or, you may be subject to a new loan-level pricing adjustment. 

Loan level pricing adjustments are mandatory loan fee based on your credit score.

Lastly, underwriters will be looking at your credit report’s Credit Inquiry section. The goal is to see if you’ve been applying for credit elsewhere. Underwriters can use this information at their discretion.

Fannie Mae’s Loan Quality Initiative is just one more way that the government-backed group is trying to improve its loan pools. Unfortunately, it’ll mean more turndowns for mortgage applicants.

Therefore, take extra care of your credit between the time of application and the time of closing. Don’t buy new cars, don’t buy new appliances, and — most definitely — don’t open new credit cards.  Be extra safe with your credit because a mortgage application that’s supposedly cleared-to-close can be revoked at the eleventh hour.

When in doubt, talk to your loan officer about what may or may not trigger the Loan Quality Initiative.  Your loan approval is at stake.

The Right Way To Receive A Cash Gift For Downpayment

As lenders tighten mortgage guidelines for Dyer Indiana home buyers, minimum downpayment requirements are increasing.  Several years ago, you could finance a home with nothing down. Today, most conventional mortgages require at least 10 percent.

Anecdotally, guideline changes have led to an increase in the number of home buyers accepting cash gifts from family.

Gifts are allowed in most cases but the problem is, if you don’t accept the gift in a “lender-friendly” way, the mortgage underwriter could reject it, and negate it.

You can’t just deposit a cash gift into your bank account. You have to follow a series of steps and keep records.

1. Provide an acceptable gift letter signed by all parties
2. Provide documentation of the gifter’s withdrawal of funds via teller receipts
3. Provide documentation of the giftee’s deposit of funds via teller receipts

Lenders require these 3 steps for two basic reasons.  First, they want to make sure that the cash gift is “clean” (i.e. not laundered).  Second, they want to make sure the gift is really a gift and not a loan-in-disguise.

It’s why lenders typically require that the loan application be accompanied by a signed, dated letter.

For example:

I am the [relationship to recipient] of [name of recipient] and this letter serves as evidence that I am gifting [name of recipient] [amount of gift] to be used for the purchase of the home at [complete address of property].

This is a gift — not a loan — and there is no expectation of repayment.

Signed,
[Signature of gifter]

As an additional step, home buyers receiving cash gifts should make sure that gifted funds are not commingled at the time of deposit. If the cash gift is for $10,000, therefore, the bank’s deposit slip should indicate that a $10,000 deposit was made — nothing more, nothing less. Don’t add a random $100 deposit to the transaction, in other words. The $100 deposit should be a separate transaction.

It’s also worth noting that gifting funds between family members can create both legal and tax liabilities.  If you’re unsure about how donating or receiving a gift may impact you, call or email me directly.  If I can’t help you with your questions, I can refer you to somebody that can.

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